Geopolymer concrete-filled pultruded composite beams – Concrete mix design and application

The limited research on the geopolymer concrete mix design for targeting a specific strength is identified an obstacle for their effective design and wide use. In this paper, a mix design procedure has been proposed for fly-ash based geopolymer concrete and its use as infill hybrid composite beam is investigated. Then, the structural performance of geopolymer concrete filled hybrid composite beam is investigated to determine their possible application in civil infrastructure. Firstly, a detailed procedure of mix design for fly-ash based geopolymer concrete is presented. Secondly, three hybrid beams filled with geopolymer concrete were prepared and tested in a four-point bending setup to evaluate their flexural modulus and modulus of rupture. Numerical and analytical evaluation of the behaviour of hybrid beam were performed and results showed a good agreement with the experimental investigation. Thirdly, the suitability of the beam for a composite railway sleeper is evaluated and compared with existing timber and composite sleepers. Finally, the beams’ performance in a ballast railway track is analysed using Strand7 finite element simulation software and the results showed that the new concept of using geopolymer concrete as infill to pultruded composite section satisfied the stiffness and strength requirements for a railway sleeper.     

轧制速度对AZ31镁合金管材冷轧成形的影响

轧制速度是三辊式冷轧成形过程中关键的工艺参数，决定其力学特征及温升情况。基于此，本文以冷轧AZ31镁合金管材为研究对象，通过全流程数值仿真计算，对比分析不同轧制速度在各特征变形段对等效应力、等效塑性应变及节点温度的影响规律。结果表明，等效应力、等效塑性应变及节点温度均随轧制速度的增大而增大。通过元胞自动机模型及实验等手段，探明了晶粒在轧制过程中产生连续再结晶并细化的初步组织演变规律；对比分析实验与模拟结果并结合多方面因素，得到800mm/s的轧制速度可以更好的满足工艺要求的结果，为冷轧镁合金管材轧制速度的选择提供依据。     

机制砂混凝土耐磨性的主要影响因素分析及多因素计算模型

本文研究了砂类型、砂率、石粉含量和抗压强度对机制砂混凝土耐磨性的影响,建立了磨损量的多因素计算模型。结果表明:由于含石粉及具有更高的粗糙度和坚固性,石灰岩与辉绿岩机制砂制备的C30、C40混凝土耐磨性比河砂混凝土提高20%以上;在0.40~0.44范围内选取较低的砂率可获得较优的耐磨性;利用石粉含量为5%~11%(质量分数)的机制砂制备混凝土,石粉含量为9%时可获得最佳的混凝土耐磨性,微观分析表明此时混凝土密实度最佳;通过灰色系统理论确定了耐磨性影响因素的影响程度排序为:砂率R₃>压碎值R₂>粗糙度R₁>抗压强度R₅>石粉含量R₄>0.6;对比验证表明提出的混凝土磨损量多因素计算模型具有较高的预测精度和良好的适用性。     

Mixed-Metal MOF-74 Templated Catalysts for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Capture and Methanation

The vast chemical and structural tunability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are beginning to be harnessed as functional supports for catalytic nanoparticles spanning a range of applications. However, a lack of straightforward methods for producing nanoparticle-encapsulated MOFs as efficient heterogeneous catalysts limits their usage. Herein, a mixed-metal MOF, NiMg-MOF-74, is utilized as a template to disperse small Ni nanoclusters throughout the parent MOF. By exploiting the difference in Ni O and Mg O coordination bond strength, Ni²⁺ is selectively reduced to form highly dispersed Ni nanoclusters constrained by the parent MOF pore diameter, while Mg²⁺ remains coordinated in the framework. By varying the ratio of Ni to Mg in the parent MOF, accessible surface area and crystallinity can be tuned upon thermal treatment, influencing CO₂ adsorption capacity and hydrogenation selectivity. The resulting Ni nanoclusters prove to be an active catalyst for CO₂ methanation and are examined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By preserving a segment of the Mg²⁺-containing MOF framework, the composite system retains a portion of its CO₂ adsorption capacity while continuing to deliver catalytic activity. The approach is thus critical for designing materials that can bridge the gap between carbon capture and CO₂ utilization.     

Microstructure and tensile properties of rapid-cooling friction-stir-welded AZ31B Mg alloy along thickness direction

Rapid-cooling friction-stir-welding (FSW) was used to join AZ31B magnesium alloy plates of 6 mm in thickness. The microstructure and mechanical properties in thickness direction were carefully investigated with electron backscattered diffractometer, and transmission electron microscope. The obtained results showed that ultrafine grains with high dislocation density were obtained in the top region of the weld due to liquid CO₂ cooling. A large number of twins and second-phase particles were also induced in these refined grains. The basal texture intensity was significantly reduced due to the appearance of twins. The top region showed the higher strength and elongation compared with the bottom region, and the welding efficiency reached 93%. This work provided a simple and efficient strategy for manufacturing a gradient structure in the FSW Mg alloy joint.     

Ballistic behavior of plain and reinforced concrete slabs under high velocity impact

This work presents a numerical simulation of ballistic penetration and high velocity impact behavior of plain and reinforced concrete slabs. In this paper, we focus on the comparison of the performance of the plain and reinforced concrete slabs of unconfined compressive strength 41 MPa under ballistic impact. The concrete slab has dimensions of 675 mm × 675 mm × 200 mm, and is meshed with 8-node hexahedron solid elements in the impact and outer zones. The ogive-nosed projectile is considered as rigid element that has a mass of 0.386 kg and a length of 152 mm. The applied velocities vary between 540 and 731 m/s. 6 mm of steel reinforcement bars were used in the reinforced concrete slabs. The constitutive material modeling of the concrete and steel reinforcement bars was performed using the Johnson-Holmquist-2 damage and the Johnson-Cook plasticity material models, respectively. The analysis was conducted using the commercial finite element package Abaqus/Explicit. Damage diameters and residual velocities obtained by the numerical model were compared with the experimental results and effect of steel reinforcement and projectile diameter were studies. The validation showed good agreement between the numerical and experimental results. The added steel reinforcements to the concrete samples were found efficient in terms of ballistic resistance comparing to the plain concrete sample.     

ZK60镁合金表面滚压强化试验研究

试验研究了ZK60镁合金表面滚压加工中工艺参数对试件表面粗糙度、表面形貌、表面残余应力和表层显微硬度的影响,结果表明滚压力和重复滚压次数对试件的表面粗糙度、表面形貌以及表面残余应力和表层硬度影响程度较大,滚压速度影响较小。对精车ZK60镁合金试件进行滚压加工,试件表面粗糙度R a、R z最大减小了50.3%和48.1%;残余压应力最大可达-54.55 MPa;显微硬度从试件表层到内部基体材料逐渐降低,表层硬度值最大为92.83 HV 0.25,比基体材料硬度提高了15.32%。     

多裂纹混凝土等效断裂模型研究

根据混凝土材料断裂过程区存在尺寸效应这一特点,结合混凝土断裂韧度的尺寸效应规律,对混凝土有效裂缝扩展量进行了研究,得到反映尺寸效应规律的有效裂缝扩展量表达式,进而得到与试件尺寸相关的混凝土多裂纹等效断裂模型,使得多裂纹等效断裂模型更符合断裂过程区的尺寸效应规律。同时,通过与在实际工程中已用的其他模型的计算结果相比较,得出此模型比较可靠的结论。